Chimney anatomy

01 · Chimney cap

The chimney cap sits on top of the chimney and keeps rain, debris, and animals from entering.

• Can become rusted or damaged.
• Might be blown off during strong winds.
• May become clogged with debris.

02 · Crown

The crown is the top part of the chimney that covers and seals the top except for the flue openings.

• Cracking due to weather exposure.
• Water damage from pooling.
• Deterioration from freeze-thaw cycles.

03 · Flashing

Flashing is a metal barrier that prevents water from leaking into the joint between the chimney and the roof.

• Can become loose or displaced.
• Might corrode over time.
• Leaks can form around improperly sealed areas.

04 · Brick and mortar

The brick and mortar make up the main structure of the chimney, providing stability and aesthetics.

• Mortar can crack and crumble.
• Bricks may spall or break due to moisture.
• Structural instability from aging.

05 · Flue liner

The flue liner channels smoke and gases out of the house and protects the chimney walls.

• Cracking from heat and corrosion.
• Blockage from creosote buildup.
• Improper sizing leading to inefficiency.

06 · Smoke chamber

The smoke chamber funnels smoke from the firebox to the flue.

• Soot buildup which restricts airflow.
• Cracks leading to smoky backdrafts.
• Improper construction causing inefficiencies.

07 · Damper

The damper controls airflow and seals the chimney when not in use.

• May become stuck or hard to operate.
• Corrosion can prevent it from sealing properly.
• Misalignment causing drafts or smoke issues.

08 · Firebox

The firebox is the place where the fire actually burns, built to withstand high temperatures.

• Cracks in the refractory materials.
• Brick deterioration from repeated heating and cooling.
• Improper ventilation causing smoke spillage.